California Traffic Signals practice test

Stop, then continue when it is safe

A flashing red works like a stop sign. You must stop first, but you do not need to wait for a green light.

Source: California Driver's Handbook, Section 7, Laws and Rules of the Road; Texas Driver Handbook, Chapter 5, Traffic Signals, p. 25; Official Florida Driver License Handbook, Chapter 6, Traffic Controls: Flashing Red Light (p. 52); New York State Driver's Manual, Chapter 4, Traffic Control; Illinois Rules of the Road, Chapter 10, Traffic Signals and Pavement Markings: Flashing Lights (p. 77); Pennsylvania Driver's Manual (PUB 95), Chapter 2, Signals: Flashing Signals; Ohio Driver Manual, Digest of Motor Vehicle Laws, Ohio Revised Code 4511.13; Georgia Drivers' Manual, Section 7: Signs, Signals & Markings, Traffic Signals and Signs; North Carolina Driver Handbook, Chapter 5, Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings: Traffic Signals (pp. 80-82); What Every Driver Must Know (SOS-133), Chapter 5, Traffic signals, pp. 49-50; New Jersey Driver Manual, Chapter 11, Traffic Signals, p. 212-213; Virginia Driver's Manual (DMV 39), Section 2: Traffic Signals (pp. 5-6); Washington Driver Guide, Chapter 4, 4.11 Traffic light signals: Flashing Red; Massachusetts Driver's Manual, Chapter 4, p. 81; Maryland Driver's Manual, Section 4.A, p. 18; Missouri Driver Guide, Chapter 7, Traffic Signals, PDF p. 46; Wisconsin Motorists' Handbook 2026, Section 5.A Traffic Signals, p. 32; Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide, Section 3, Roadway and Vehicle Knowledge: Flashing Red Light (p. 35); Tennessee Comprehensive Driver License Manual, Section B, Chapter 3, Traffic Signs and Signals: Protected Arrows, Flashing Red (p. 41); Section B, Chapter 4, Rules of the Road: Stops Required by Law (p. 50); Minnesota Driver's Manual, Chapter 4, Stopping, p. 41; Chapter 5, Traffic-control signals, p. 66; Alabama Driver Manual, Chapter 6, Traffic Laws, Stopping, PDF p. 63; Louisiana Class D & E Driver's Guide, Chapter 3, Signs, Traffic Lights, and Pavement Markings, Traffic Signals, PDF p. 39; Kentucky Driver Manual, Section Six, Flashing Lights, PDF p. 43; South Carolina Driver's Manual, Section 6, Rules of the Road, Traffic Signals, pp. 6-3-6-4 (PDF pp. 62-63); Colorado Driver Handbook (DR 2337), Traffic Signals, Flashing red light, printed p. 7 (PDF p. 10); Oregon Driver Manual 2026-2027, Signs & Traffic Signals, Traffic Signals, p. 15 (PDF p. 23); Oklahoma Driver Manual, Chapter 4, Traffic Signals, p. 26; Connecticut Driver's Manual, Chapter 5, Know the Road, Flashing Lights, p. 45; MDPS Driver's License Manual, PDF p. 39; Kansas Driving Handbook, Section 6, Traffic Signals, PDF p. 35; New Mexico Driver Manual, Traffic Signals, PDF p. 7; Delaware Driver Manual (July 2026), Section Four, Flashing Red Light, PDF p. 70; Montana Driver Manual (Form 25-0100, revised April 2024), Chapter 3, Vehicle Signals, PDF p. 40; South Dakota Driver License Manual (revised 11/2024), Rules of the Road, Traffic Signals, PDF p. 32

You are driving the wrong way

Red reflectors face drivers going the wrong way. When it is safe, turn around.

Source: California Driver's Handbook, Section 7, Laws and Rules of the Road; Official Florida Driver License Handbook, Chapter 7, Driving Safety: Red Reflectors on Lane Lines (p. 69); North Carolina Driver Handbook, Chapter 5, Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings: Pavement Markings (p. 88); Virginia Driver's Manual (DMV 39), Section 2: Pavement Markings (pp. 11-13); Tennessee Comprehensive Driver License Manual, Section B, Chapter 4, Rules of the Road: Traffic Lanes, Divided Highways (p. 60); Louisiana Class D & E Driver's Guide, Chapter 3, Signs, Traffic Lights, and Pavement Markings, Lane Markings, PDF p. 40

A left turn after yielding to oncoming traffic

The turn is allowed but not protected. Oncoming traffic may be moving, so wait for a safe gap.

Source: California Driver's Handbook, Section 7, Laws and Rules of the Road; Texas Driver Handbook, Chapter 5, Traffic Signals, p. 25; Official Florida Driver License Handbook, Chapter 6, Traffic Controls: Flashing Yellow Arrow (p. 52); Illinois Rules of the Road, Chapter 10, Traffic Signals and Pavement Markings: Arrows (p. 78); Pennsylvania Driver's Manual (PUB 95), Chapter 2, Signals; Ohio Driver Manual, Digest of Motor Vehicle Laws, Ohio Revised Code 4511.13; Georgia Drivers' Manual, Section 7: Signs, Signals & Markings, Traffic Signals and Signs; North Carolina Driver Handbook, Chapter 5, Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings: Traffic Signals (pp. 80-82); What Every Driver Must Know (SOS-133), Chapter 5, Traffic signals, pp. 49-50; Virginia Driver's Manual (DMV 39), Section 2: Traffic Signals (pp. 5-6); Missouri Driver Guide, Chapter 7, PDF p. 47; Wisconsin Motorists' Handbook 2026, Section 5.A Traffic Signals, p. 33; Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide, Section 3, Roadway and Vehicle Knowledge: Flashing Yellow Arrow (p. 35); Tennessee Comprehensive Driver License Manual, Section B, Chapter 3, Traffic Signs and Signals: Permissive Arrows (p. 41); Minnesota Driver's Manual, Chapter 5, Traffic-control signals, p. 67; Colorado Driver Handbook (DR 2337), Traffic Signals, Flashing yellow arrow, printed p. 7 (PDF p. 10); Oregon Driver Manual 2026-2027, Signs & Traffic Signals, Traffic Signals, p. 16 (PDF p. 24); Oklahoma Driver Manual, Chapter 4, Traffic Signals, p. 26; Arkansas Driver License Study Guide (Vol. 1, Ed. 10, October 2026), Chapter 2, Arkansas Rules and Regulations, Lighted Arrows, PDF p. 36; MDPS Driver's License Manual, Traffic Signal Lights, PDF p. 37; Delaware Driver Manual (July 2026), Section Four, Flashing Yellow Arrow, PDF p. 71; Montana Driver Manual (Form 25-0100, revised April 2024), Chapter 3, Vehicle Signals, PDF p. 40; South Dakota Driver License Manual (revised 11/2024), Rules of the Road, Traffic Signals, PDF p. 32

The vehicle traffic signals

Without separate pedestrian signals, people on foot follow the same lights as vehicles.

Source: California Driver's Handbook, Section 7, Laws and Rules of the Road; Texas Driver Handbook, Chapter 12, Pedestrian Safety, p. 61; Official Florida Driver License Handbook, Chapter 6, Traffic Controls: Traffic Signals (p. 51); Illinois Rules of the Road, 625 ILCS 5/11-306; Pennsylvania Driver's Manual (PUB 95), Chapter 2, Signals: Pedestrian Signals; Ohio Driver Manual, Digest of Motor Vehicle Laws, Ohio Revised Code 4511.13; Georgia Drivers' Manual, Section 7: Signs, Signals & Markings, Traffic Signals and Signs; North Carolina Driver Handbook, Chapter 4, Your Driving: The Driver and Pedestrian (pp. 46-47); Virginia Driver's Manual (DMV 39), Section 2: Traffic Signals (pp. 5-6); Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide, Section 3, Roadway and Vehicle Knowledge: Signal Lights (p. 34); Tennessee Comprehensive Driver License Manual, Section C, Chapter 3, Sharing the Road Safely: Safety Tips for Pedestrians (p. 104); South Carolina Code of Laws, Title 56, Chapter 5, § 56-5-970(A)(3) and (C)(4); Oklahoma Statutes, Title 47, 47 O.S. § 11-202(1)(c) and § 11-501(b); Nevada Driver's Handbook, Chapter 3, Pedestrian Crossing, PDF p. 31; K.S.A. 8-1508, K.S.A. 8-1508(a)(3), (c)(5); Neb. Rev. Stat. 60-6,123, Neb. Rev. Stat. 60-6,123(1)(c), (3)(e); Hawaii Revised Statutes, HRS §291C-32(a)(1)(C), (a)(3)(D); West Virginia Code §17C-3-5, W. Va. Code §17C-3-5(a)(2), (b)(2), (c)(4); Montana Code Annotated 2025, Title 61, § 61-8-207, MCA (traffic control signal legend); Maine Revised Statutes, Title 29-A, Title 29-A, §2057, sub-§5; SDCL 32-28-2, SDCL 32-28-2, subdivision (2); SDCL 32-28-3, subdivision (2)

Follow the officer's direction

An officer's direction takes priority over signs, signals and other traffic rules.

Source: California Driver's Handbook, Section 7, Laws and Rules of the Road (continued); Texas Driver Handbook, Chapter 5, Traffic Signals, p. 25; Official Florida Driver License Handbook, s. 316.072, Florida Statutes; New York State Driver's Manual, Chapter 4, Traffic Control; Illinois Rules of the Road, Chapter 10, Traffic Signals and Pavement Markings: introduction (p. 77); Pennsylvania Driver's Manual (PUB 95), Pennsylvania Vehicle Code (75 Pa.C.S.), Section 3111; Ohio Driver Manual, Digest of Motor Vehicle Laws, Ohio Revised Code 4511.12; Georgia Drivers' Manual, Section 5: Traffic Laws, 3 Most Basic Traffic Laws; North Carolina Driver Handbook, Chapter 5, Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings: Traffic Officers (p. 88); What Every Driver Must Know (SOS-133), Chapter 7, In conclusion, p. 67; New Jersey Driver Manual, Chapter 11, Driver Safety, p. 211; Virginia Driver's Manual (DMV 39), Section 2: Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings (p. 5); Washington Driver Guide, Chapter 4, 4.10 Traffic laws: Traffic control devices; Massachusetts Driver's Manual, Chapter 4, p. 87; Maryland Driver's Manual, Section 4, p. 17; Missouri Driver Guide, Chapter 7, Traffic Officers, PDF p. 45; Wisconsin Motorists' Handbook 2026, Section 5.A Traffic Signals, p. 32; Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide, Section 3, Roadway and Vehicle Knowledge: Signal Lights (p. 34); Tennessee Comprehensive Driver License Manual, Section B, Chapter 3, Traffic Signs and Signals: Traffic Signs (p. 35); Section B, Chapter 4, Rules of the Road: Obeying Officers (p. 45); Minnesota Driver's Manual, Chapter 5, Traffic officers, p. 71; Louisiana Class D & E Driver's Guide, Chapter 3, Signs, Traffic Lights, and Pavement Markings, Signs, Traffic Lights, and Pavement Markings, PDF p. 27; Chapter 6, Traffic Laws and Regulations, Police Officers, PDF p. 91; Kentucky Driver Manual, Section Six, Traffic Control Devices, PDF p. 42; South Carolina Code of Laws, Title 56, Chapter 5, § 56-5-740; Colorado Driver Handbook (DR 2337), Traffic Controls, printed p. 7 (PDF p. 10); Oregon Driver Manual 2026-2027, Signs & Traffic Signals, p. 7 (PDF p. 15); Oklahoma Driver Manual, Chapter 4, Traffic Signals, p. 26; Connecticut Driver's Manual, Chapter 4, Road Safety, Right-of-Way, p. 36; NRS 484B.300, NRS 484B.300(1); Iowa Driver's License Manual (MM1170), Chapter 2, 2.9 Traffic Signals, p. 11; MDPS Driver's License Manual, Traffic Officers, PDF p. 40; Kansas Driving Handbook, Section 6, Traffic Control Devices, PDF p. 34; Idaho Driver's Handbook, Signs, Signals, & Pavement Markings, PDF p. 44; New Mexico Driver Manual, Traffic Control Devices, PDF p. 6; West Virginia Driver's Licensing Handbook, Chapter VI, Right-of-Way, PDF p. 59; Delaware Driver Manual (July 2026), Section Four, General Laws, PDF p. 83; Montana Driver Manual (Form 25-0100, revised April 2024), Chapter 4, Laws and Regulations Keep You Safe, PDF p. 47; SDCL 32-28-10, SDCL 32-28-10

Yield until the pedestrian has finished crossing

The flashing signal tells people not to start crossing. Anyone already in the road still has the right-of-way.

Source: California Driver's Handbook, Section 7, Laws and Rules of the Road; Texas Driver Handbook, Chapter 4, Yield the Right-of-Way to Pedestrians, pp. 23-24; Official Florida Driver License Handbook, Chapter 6, Traffic Controls: Green Light (p. 51); Illinois Rules of the Road, Chapter 4, Traffic Laws: Pedestrian Right of Way (p. 27); Chapter 10, Traffic Signals and Pavement Markings (p. 78); Pennsylvania Driver's Manual (PUB 95), Chapter 2, Signals: Pedestrian Signals; Ohio Driver Manual, Digest of Motor Vehicle Laws, Ohio Revised Code 4511.14; Georgia Drivers' Manual, Section 7: Signs, Signals & Markings, Pedestrian Signals; Section 5: Traffic Laws, Watching for Pedestrians; What Every Driver Must Know (SOS-133), Chapter 5, Traffic signals, pp. 49-50; New Jersey Driver Manual, Chapter 4, Pedestrians in a Crosswalk, p. 66; Missouri Driver Guide, Chapter 4, PDF p. 32; Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide, Section 3, Roadway and Vehicle Knowledge: Right-of-Way, Pedestrians (p. 36); Tennessee Comprehensive Driver License Manual, Section B, Chapter 3, Traffic Signs and Signals: Green (p. 41); Pedestrian Signals (p. 42); Minnesota Driver's Manual, Chapter 5, Pedestrian signals and A green light, p. 67; Louisiana Class D & E Driver's Guide, Chapter 5, Safe Driving Habits, Pedestrian Safety, PDF pp. 80-81; South Carolina Driver's Manual, Section 10, Sharing the Road, Pedestrians, p. 10-1 (PDF p. 110); Oklahoma Driver Manual, Chapter 4, Pedestrian Signals, p. 27; Chapter 5, You Must Always Yield, p. 29; Connecticut General Statutes § 14-300, Subsection (b) (2026 Supplement); Nevada Driver's Handbook, Chapter 6, Pedestrians, PDF p. 66; MDPS Driver's License Manual, Pedestrian Crossing, PDF p. 40; Kansas Driving Handbook, Section 9, Pedestrians, PDF pp. 79-80; New Mexico Driver Manual, Right-of-Way, PDF p. 14; West Virginia Code §17C-3-6, W. Va. Code §17C-3-6(a)(2); §17C-3-5(a)(1); Delaware Driver Manual (July 2026), Section Four, Pedestrian Signals, PDF p. 72; Montana Driver Manual (Form 25-0100, revised April 2024), Chapter 3, Pedestrian Signals, PDF p. 40; Maine Driver's License Manual (Rev 4/24), Section 10, Pedestrians (yield to all pedestrians), PDF p. 101; South Dakota Driver License Manual (revised 11/2024), Sharing the Road, Pedestrians, PDF p. 61

As if there were a stop sign in every direction

Treat a dark signal as an all-way stop. Everyone stops first, then continues when it is safe.

Source: California Driver's Handbook, Section 7, Laws and Rules of the Road; Texas Driver Handbook, Sec. 544.007, Traffic-Control Signals in General; Official Florida Driver License Handbook, Chapter 9, Handling Emergencies: Power Outage (p. 79); New York State Driver's Manual, Chapter 4, Traffic Control; Illinois Rules of the Road, Chapter 10, Traffic Signals and Pavement Markings: Traffic Signals (p. 77); Pennsylvania Driver's Manual (PUB 95), Chapter 2, Signals: Non-Functioning Traffic Lights; Ohio Driver Manual, Digest of Motor Vehicle Laws, Ohio Revised Code 4511.132; Georgia Drivers' Manual, Section 7: Signs, Signals & Markings, Traffic Signals and Signs; North Carolina Driver Handbook, Chapter 5, Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings: Traffic Signals (pp. 80-82); What Every Driver Must Know (SOS-133), Chapter 5, Traffic signals, pp. 49-50; New Jersey Driver Manual, Chapter 11, Traffic Signals, p. 212-213; Virginia Driver's Manual (DMV 39), Section 2: Traffic Signals (pp. 5-6); Washington Driver Guide, Chapter 4, 4.10 Traffic laws: Broken lights or signals; Massachusetts Driver's Manual, Chapter 4, p. 82; Missouri Driver Guide, Chapter 7, PDF p. 47; Wisconsin Motorists' Handbook 2026, Section 5.A Traffic Signals, p. 32; Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide, Section 3, Roadway and Vehicle Knowledge: Inoperative Signal Lights (p. 35); Tennessee Comprehensive Driver License Manual, Section B, Chapter 3, Traffic Signs and Signals: Malfunctioning Traffic Light (pp. 41-42); Alabama Driver Manual, Chapter 6, Traffic Laws, Stopping, PDF p. 63; Louisiana Class D & E Driver's Guide, Chapter 6, Traffic Laws and Regulations, Traffic Control and Right of Way, PDF pp. 91, 98; Colorado Driver Handbook (DR 2337), Traffic Signals, printed p. 7 (PDF p. 10); Oregon Driver Manual 2026-2027, Signs & Traffic Signals, Traffic Signals, p. 15 (PDF p. 23); Connecticut Driver's Manual, Chapter 3, Driving Behaviors, Stop Light Not Working, p. 25; MDPS Driver's License Manual, PDF p. 39; Montana Code Annotated 2025, Title 61, § 61-8-212, MCA (inoperative traffic control device); South Dakota Driver License Manual (revised 11/2024), Rules of the Road, Traffic Signals, PDF p. 32

Before the intersection, where you can see

With no line or crosswalk, stop just before entering the intersection at a point where you can see traffic on the cross street.

Source: California Driver's Handbook, Section 6, Navigating the Roads: Turns; Official Florida Driver License Handbook, Traffic Controls: Regulatory Signs, Stop Sign; New York State Driver's Manual, Chapter 4, Traffic Control: Stop sign; Ohio Revised Code, Ohio Revised Code 4511.13; Georgia Drivers' Manual, Road Signs: Octagon signs; North Carolina Driver Handbook, Chapter 5, Signals and Signs: Stop signs; What Every Driver Must Know (SOS-133), Chapter 4, Traffic Laws: Right of way at intersections (p. 30); Virginia Driver's Manual, Section 2, Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings: Traffic Signals; Massachusetts Driver's Manual, Chapter 4, p. 81; Missouri Driver Guide, Chapter 7, Stop, PDF p. 51; Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide, Section 3, Roadway and Vehicle Knowledge: Controlled Intersections diagram (p. 36); Minnesota Driver's Manual, Chapter 5, Traffic-control signals, p. 66; Alabama Driver Manual, Chapter 6, Traffic Laws, Stopping, PDF p. 62; South Carolina Driver's Manual, Section 6, Rules of the Road, Crosswalks and Stop Lines, p. 6-15 (PDF p. 74); Colorado Driver Handbook (DR 2337), Traffic Signs, Stop signs, printed p. 7 (PDF p. 10); Oklahoma Statutes, Title 47, 47 O.S. § 11-202(3)(a); Iowa Code 2026, §321.322, §321.322(1); West Virginia Driver's Licensing Handbook, Chapter V, Pavement Markings, PDF p. 51; 21 Del. C. § 4164, 21 Del. C. § 4164(a); Montana Code Annotated 2025, Title 61, § 61-8-344, MCA (vehicles to stop at stop signs); R.I. Gen. Laws § 31-13-6, R.I. Gen. Laws § 31-13-6(3)(i); SDCL 32-29-2.1, SDCL 32-29-2.1

Go, if the way is clear

Green lets you go ahead, but only if doing so is safe.

Source: California Driver's Handbook, Section 7, Laws and Rules of the Road; Texas Driver Handbook, Chapter 5, Signals, Signs, and Markers, p. 25; Official Florida Driver License Handbook, Chapter 6, Traffic Controls (p. 51); New York State Driver's Manual, Chapter 4, Traffic Control; Illinois Rules of the Road, Chapter 4, Traffic Laws; Pennsylvania Driver's Manual (PUB 95), Chapter 2, Signals; Ohio Driver Manual, Digest of Motor Vehicle Laws, Ohio Revised Code 4511.13; Georgia Drivers' Manual, Section 7: Signs, Signals & Markings, Traffic Signals and Signs; North Carolina Driver Handbook, Chapter 5, Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings: Traffic Signals (pp. 80-82); What Every Driver Must Know (SOS-133), Chapter 5, Traffic signals, pp. 49-50; New Jersey Driver Manual, Chapter 11, Traffic Signals, p. 212-213; Virginia Driver's Manual (DMV 39), Section 2: Traffic Signals (pp. 5-6); Washington Driver Guide, Chapter 4, 4.11 Traffic light signals: Solid Green; Massachusetts Driver's Manual, Chapter 4, p. 81; Indiana Driver's Manual, Chapter 6, Driving through an Intersection, p. 33; Maryland Driver's Manual, Section 4.A, p. 17; Missouri Driver Guide, Chapter 7, Traffic Signals, PDF p. 46; Wisconsin Motorists' Handbook 2026, Section 5.A Traffic Signals, p. 33; Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide, Section 3, Roadway and Vehicle Knowledge: Signal Lights (p. 34); Tennessee Comprehensive Driver License Manual, Section B, Chapter 3, Traffic Signs and Signals: Green (p. 41); Minnesota Driver's Manual, Chapter 5, Traffic-control signals, p. 67; Alabama Driver Manual, Chapter 5, Signs, Signals and Road Markings, Traffic Signals, PDF p. 56; Chapter 6, Traffic Laws, Stopping, PDF p. 62; Louisiana Class D & E Driver's Guide, Chapter 3, Signs, Traffic Lights, and Pavement Markings, Traffic Signals, PDF p. 38; Kentucky Driver Manual, Section Six, Traffic Signals, PDF p. 43; South Carolina Driver's Manual, Section 6, Rules of the Road, Traffic Signals, p. 6-3 (PDF p. 62); Colorado Driver Handbook (DR 2337), Traffic Signals, Steady green light, printed p. 7 (PDF p. 10); Oregon Driver Manual 2026-2027, Signs & Traffic Signals, Traffic Signals, p. 16 (PDF p. 24); Oklahoma Driver Manual, Chapter 4, Traffic Signals, p. 26; Connecticut Driver's Manual, Chapter 5, Know the Road, Traffic Lights and Signals, p. 45; Utah Driver Handbook, Section 9, H. Traffic Signals, PDF p. 55; Nevada Driver's Handbook, Chapter 3, Signals, PDF p. 30; Iowa Driver's License Manual (MM1170), Chapter 2, 2.9 Traffic Signals, Solid Green, p. 11; Arkansas Driver License Study Guide (Vol. 1, Ed. 10, October 2026), Chapter 2, Arkansas Rules and Regulations, Lighted Traffic Signals, PDF p. 35; MDPS Driver's License Manual, Traffic Signal Lights, PDF p. 37; Kansas Driving Handbook, Section 6, Traffic Signals, PDF p. 34; Idaho Driver's Handbook, Traffic Signals, Green Circular Light, PDF p. 56; New Mexico Driver Manual, Traffic Signals, PDF pp. 6-7; Nebraska Driver's Manual, Section 3A-1, Green, PDF p. 39; Hawaii Driver's Manual, Chapter VI, Traffic Signals, PDF p. 40; West Virginia Code §17C-3-5, W. Va. Code §17C-3-5(a)(1); Delaware Driver Manual (July 2026), Section Four, Steady Green Light, PDF p. 70; Montana Driver Manual (Form 25-0100, revised April 2024), Chapter 3, Vehicle Signals, PDF p. 41; R.I. Gen. Laws § 31-13-6, R.I. Gen. Laws § 31-13-6(1)(i); South Dakota Driver License Manual (revised 11/2024), Rules of the Road, Traffic Signals, PDF p. 32

After a full stop, when it is clear

Stop first, then yield to pedestrians and other traffic before you turn.

Source: California Driver's Handbook, Section 7, Laws and Rules of the Road; Texas Driver Handbook, Chapter 14, Additional Safety Tips, p. 75; Official Florida Driver License Handbook, Chapter 6, Traffic Controls (p. 51); New York State Driver's Manual, Chapter 4, Traffic Control; Illinois Rules of the Road, Chapter 4, Traffic Laws; Pennsylvania Driver's Manual (PUB 95), Chapter 2, Signals; Ohio Driver Manual, Digest of Motor Vehicle Laws, Ohio Revised Code 4511.13; Georgia Drivers' Manual, Section 5: Traffic Laws, Laws Governing Right-of-Way; North Carolina Driver Handbook, Chapter 5, Signals, Signs and Pavement Markings: Traffic Signals (pp. 80-82); What Every Driver Must Know (SOS-133), Chapter 5, Traffic signals, pp. 49-50; New Jersey Driver Manual, Chapter 4, Turning Regulations: Right Turn on Red, p. 72; Virginia Driver's Manual (DMV 39), Section 2: Traffic Signals (pp. 5-6); Washington Driver Guide, Chapter 4, 4.11 Traffic light signals: Solid Red; Massachusetts Driver's Manual, Chapter 4, p. 81; Maryland Driver's Manual, Section 4.A, p. 17; Missouri Driver Guide, Chapter 7, Traffic Signals, PDF p. 46; Wisconsin Motorists' Handbook 2026, Section 5.A Traffic Signals, p. 32; Arizona Driver License Manual and Customer Service Guide, Section 3, Roadway and Vehicle Knowledge: Signal Lights (p. 34); Right on Red (p. 47); Tennessee Comprehensive Driver License Manual, Section B, Chapter 3, Traffic Signs and Signals: Red (p. 41); Section B, Chapter 4, Rules of the Road: Turns Permitted on Red (p. 58); Minnesota Driver's Manual, Chapter 5, Traffic-control signals, p. 66; Chapter 3, Turning on a red light, p. 28; Alabama Driver Manual, Chapter 6, Traffic Laws, Stopping, PDF pp. 62-63; Louisiana Class D & E Driver's Guide, Chapter 3, Signs, Traffic Lights, and Pavement Markings, Regulatory Signs and Traffic Signals, PDF pp. 33, 39; Kentucky Driver Manual, Section Six, Traffic Signals, PDF p. 43; South Carolina Driver's Manual, Section 6, Rules of the Road, Traffic Signals, p. 6-3 (PDF p. 62); Colorado Driver Handbook (DR 2337), Traffic Signals, Steady red light, printed p. 7 (PDF p. 10); Oklahoma Driver Manual, Chapter 4, Traffic Signals, p. 26; Connecticut Driver's Manual, Chapter 5, Know the Road, Traffic Lights and Signals, p. 45; MDPS Driver's License Manual, Traffic Signal Lights, PDF p. 37; Idaho Driver's Handbook, Turns, Turning at a Red Light, PDF p. 73; New Mexico Driver Manual, Traffic Signals, PDF p. 7; Nebraska Driver's Manual, Section 3A-2, Turning on Red, PDF p. 40; 21 Del. C. § 4108, 21 Del. C. § 4108(a)(3)b); Montana Driver Manual (Form 25-0100, revised April 2024), Chapter 3, Vehicle Signals, PDF p. 40; SDCL 32-28-4, SDCL 32-28-4, subdivision (2)